Everything about Klamath totally explained
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The
Klamath are a
Native American tribe of the Plateau culture area in
Southern Oregon.
History
Pre-contact
Prior to the arrival of European explorers, the Klamath people lived in the area around the
Upper Klamath Lake and the
Klamath,
Williamson, and
Sprague rivers. They subsisted primarily on fish and gathered roots and seeds.
The Klamath were known to raid neighboring tribes (such as the
Achomawi on the
Pit River), and occasionally to take prisoners as slaves.
Kit Carson admired the arrows of the Klamath, and it's reported that they could shoot those arrows through a horse. They traded with the
Chinookan people at
The Dalles.
Contact
In 1826
Peter Skene Ogden, an explorer for the
Hudson's Bay Company, first encountered the Klamath people, and he was trading with them by 1829.
Treaty with the United States
The
United States, the Klamaths,
Modocs, and
Yahooskin band of Snake tribes signed a treaty in 1864, establishing the
Klamath Reservation, to the northeast of Upper Klamath Lake. The treaty had the tribes cede the land in the
Klamath Basin, bounded on the north by the 44th parallel, to the United States. In return, the United States was to make a lump sum payment of $35,000, and annual payments totalling $80,000 over 15 years, as well as providing infrastructure and staff for the reservation. The treaty provided that, if the Indians drank or stored intoxicating liquor on the reservation, the payments could be withheld and that the United States could locate additional tribes on the reservation in the future. The tribes requested
Lindsay Applegate as the agent to represent the United States to them. The Indian agent estimated the total population of the three tribes at about 2,000 when the treaty was signed.
Post-treaty history
The Klamath, along with the Modoc and Yahooskin, form the Klamath Tribes confederation, with their tribal government based in
Chiloquin, Oregon.
Some Klamaths live on the
Quartz Valley Indian Community in
Siskiyou County, California.
Culture
Language
The Klamath spoke one dialect of the Klamath–Modoc language, the other being spoken by the
Modoc people, who lived south of the Klamath. Once thought to be a language isolate, Klamath–Modoc is now considered a member of the
Plateau Penutian language family.
Both the Klamath and the Modoc called themselves
maqlaqs, meaning "people." When they wanted to distinguish between themselves, the Klamath were called
?ewksiknii, "people of the [Klamath] Lake," and the Modoc were called
moowatdal'knii, "people of the south."
Classifications
The Klamath people are grouped with the
Plateau Indians—the peoples who originally lived on the
Columbia River Plateau. They were most closely linked with the Modoc people.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Klamath'.
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